Know Your World - 41

1. The shortest bone in the human body is ___

Stapes

2. What is Tissue Culture?

A branch of biology in which living tissues or cells are grown artificially in suitably controlled environments. The cells or tissues may be grown on solid substrates such as glass

3. What is Cloning?

Cloning is the production of copies that are genetically identical to the parent. It occurs naturally in asexually reproducing lower organism and vegitatively reproducing plants.

4. How are identical twins born?

One sperm fertilizes with the ovum and then the zygote divides into two separate cells developing independently. They grow into the identical twins.

5. How is acid rain caused?

Acid rain is caused by large scale emission of acidic gases into the atmosphere from thermal power plants, industries and automobiles. The gases mainly responsible for acid

6. What do you mean by test tube baby?

If a woman is unable to conceive and bear children an ovum is taken from the woman and fertilized by the sperm of the male inside a test tube containing nutrient medium.

7. Why blood group ‘‘O’’ is called a universal donor?

Blood group ‘O’ do not contains both the antigen (A & B). So there is no possibilities to agglutinate and it is safe to transfuse into persons of any blood group.

8. Why do we perspire on a hot day?

Human body is physiologically conditioned to maintain uniform temperature. When the heat produced in the body becomes excessive and not dissipated properly, the sweat

9. Describe briefly the functions of liver.

Liver is the largest gland in human body. The main functions of liver are - 1.It secretes bile which helps in digestion. 2.It synthesis amino acids, plasma proteins, cholesterol etc.

10. What is inoculation?

Introduction of germs of the some disease below the skin, so as to produce the disease in a mild form and thus give immunity from a severe attack of the same disease is called inoculation. inoculation is done to control diseases like plague, cholera etc.

11. Mitochondria are called “Power house” of the cell. Why?

The energy released during the biological oxidation of carbohydrates and fats is utilized by the mitochondria and synthesize the energy rich compound known as ATP

12. What is “field capacity of water’’?

The amount of water retained by the soil after the drainage of gravitational water is called field capacity or the water-holding capacity of the soil.

13. What is Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD)?

Degree of impurity of water due to organic matter is measured in terms of B.O.D. BOD is the oxygen in milligrams required for five days in one litre of water at 20°C for the microorganisms to metabolize organic waste. BOD is high in highly polluted water.

14. Why are earthworms regarded as a great friend of the farmers?

Earthworms increase the fertility of the soil by taking dead decaying leaves in their burrows which ultimately form the humus content of the soil. Thus they are regarded as a great friend of farmers.

15. What is soil profile?

Soil profile is a term used to show different layers or horizons of soil for their study in undisturbed state. The horizons may differ in thickness, colour, texture, structure, porosity, activity and composition.

16. Alpha-keratin is a protein present in which thing?

Wool

17. Which of the following is used as ‘a moderator in nuclear reactor?

Graphite

18. Which planet looks reddish in the night sky?

Mars

19. The improper function of which results in condition ‘Myxedema’ in human beings?

Thyroid gland

20. Which element that does not occur in nature but can be produced artificially?

Plutonium

21. Which can be used for biological control of mosquitoes?

Gambusia

22. Which planet looks reddish in the night sky?

Mars

23. The improper function of which results in condition ‘Myxedema’ in human beings?

Thyroid gland

24. The latitude of a place is the same as which place?

Celestial pole

25. In which technology do Cryogenic engines find applications?

Rocket technology

26. Which vitamin is considered to be a hormone?

Vitamin D

27. Which is the element found on the surface of the moon?

Titanium

28. Why is ‘Beaufort Scale’ used?

To measure wind velocity

29. Through which Translocation of food materials in plants takes place?

Phloem

30. When does Relative humidity decreases?

With increased temperature

Know Your World - 40

1. Which of the following processes is responsible for producing the sand dunes in western Rajasthan?

Wind deposition

2. The solar radiation coming to Earth is called ___

Sunshine

3. Marble is the metamorphosed form of ___

Limestone

4. Which one of the following planets has no moon?

Mercury

5. Which group of the industries maximizes savings on transport costs by being located near the sources of materials?

Iron and steel, aluminum, cement

6. The Earth rotates on its axis at an inclination of ___

23½°

7. The surface temperature of the sun is estimated as ___

6000 °C

8. Why are winters more severe in Southern Hemisphere than in Northern Hemisphere?

Northern Hemisphere receives more sunlight

9. Dolomite is a/an ___

Sedimentary rock

10. Where do most of the weather phenomena take place?

Troposphere

11. Colorado in U.S.A. is famous for this landform ___

Grand Canyon

12. Hailstorms are caused due to ___

freezing

13. Daily weather changes in the atmosphere are associated with ___

Troposphere

14. El Nino is ___

a warm ocean current

15. Duncan Passage is located between ___

South and Little Andaman

16. Mushroom Rocks are the typical land forms seen in ___

Deserts

17. The deepest ocean of the world is ___

Pacific ocean

18. The presence of ozone in the stratosphere is responsible for ___

checking the penetration of ultra-violet rays to the earth

19. Where in India can you normally spot the Siberian crane in winter?

Keoladeo Ghana Sanctuary

20. Which of the following type of coal has the lowest proportion of volatile matter?

Anthracite

21. At what height geosynchronous orbit is located?

36,000 km

22. The atmospheric layer reflecting radio waves is called ___

Ionosphere

23. The deepest surface depression on the earth is ___

Mariana Trench

24. Where the hot deserts are generally found?

On the western margins of the Tropics

25. Mist is caused by ___

water vapour at low temperature

26. Which from the following is a land-locked sea?

Aral Sea

27. Equatorial regions experience ___

hot and humid climate

28. When the barometer reading dips suddenly, it is an indication of ___

Storm

29. A place where there is constant intermingling of salt water and fresh water is ___

Estuary

30. What is ‘equinox’?

When the day and night are of equal duration it is called an equinox

Know Your World - 39

1. Isobars are lines joining places having equal ___

Pressure

2. Tropical grassland of Brazil is called ___

Campos

3. Land and sea-breezes occur due to ___

Convection

4. Basaltic lava is found in the ___

Deccan Trap

5. Mediterranean type of climate is characterized by ___

dry summer and wet winter

6. Which one of the following types of erosion is responsible for the formation of Chambal Ravines?

Gully

7. Which of the following winds is called anti-trade wind?

Westerlies

8. The orbits of planets around the sun may be ___

Great circular and parabolic

9. What is supernova?

A dying star

10. The term ‘Isoneph’ indicates the lines of equal ___

cloudiness

11. Hanging Valley is formed due, to the action of ___

Glacier

12. Which is the world’s largest desert?

Sahara

13. “Climate is extreme, rainfall is scanty, and the people used to be nomadic hoarders”. For which region is this statement correct?

Siberian Tundra

14. Shale is metamorphosed into which of the following rocks?

Slate

15. Which among the following coal contains 90 per cent of carbon?

Anthracite

16. Tropical storm in Chinese Sea is known as ___

Typhoon

17. The deepest trench of the world-The Mariana Trench’ is located in the ___

Pacific ocean

18. Trade winds blow from the ___

subtropical high pressure

19. Convectional Rainfall occurs in ___

Equatorial region

20. The residue left after extracting juice from sugar-beet and sugarcane is called ___

bagasse

21. Which of the following is called “brown paper”?

Tea

22. IR 20 and Ratna are two important varieties of ___

paddy

23. Nature of unemployment in agriculture in India is ___

seasonal and disguised

24. Which one of the following is related to Silviculture?

Forest crops

25. Jhum Cultivation is a method of cultivation which used to be practiced in ___

Central Highland

26. Indian agriculture is typically characterized as ___

land scarce, labor surplus economy

27. The term “Green Revolution” has been used to indicate higher production through ___

enhanced agricultural productivity per hectare

28. The gradation and standardization of agricultural products are conducted through ___

Directorate of Marketing and Inspection

29. Which of the following countries has highest percentage of land under cultivation?

U.SA.

30. In Indian agriculture, the period from July to October November is called ___

Kharif season

Know Your World - 38

1. “Slash and Burn agriculture” is the name given to ___

shifting cultivation

2. Which of the following is the main spice producer?

Malabar coast

3. Plants are dried up in winter due to frost because ___

There is mechanical loss of tissues and drought condition prevails

4. The soil which originate under tall-grass prairie vegetation is called ___

Chernozem soils

5. The largest irrigated area in India Is occupied by ___

Rice

6. In which of the following countries long staple type of cotton is mainly grown?

Egypt

7. Green Revolution in India has so far been most successful in case of ___

wheat

8. Bark of this tree is used as a condiment ___

Cinnamon

9. The soil conservation method in which mountain slope is cut into step is ___

Contour ploughing

10. Cultivation of wheat requires ___

moderate temperature and moderate rains

11. The branch of agriculture which deals with the feeding, shelter, health and breeding of the domestic animals is called ___

Animal Husbandry

12. Give examples of plantation crop?

tea, coffee, rubber

13. ‘Cod’ is a variety of ___

Fish

14. There was a substantial increase in food grains production specially wheat production, during the period after ___

1966

15. Of the gross cropped ares India, the food grains occupy ___

more than 70%

16. In India, the irrigation of agricultural land is carried out maximum by ___

Wells

17. Teen Bigha Corridor links ___

Bangladesh and India

18. Which is the hub of the global trade in ‘cut-flowers' ___

Netherlands

19. The ozone hole that has been detected lies in the atmosphere above ___

Antarctica

20. Formation of ozone hole is maximum over ___

Antarctica

21. Which one of the following countries is the largest producer of uranium in the world?

Canada

22. Which of the following is the classification of industries on the basis of raw materials ___

Agro-based and Mine based

23. The “Dark Continent” is ___

Africa

24. ‘Dykes’ are especially constructed in ___

Holland

25. Match the countries and construction ___

Mexico - Silver, Bolivia - Tin, U.S.A. - Copper

26. The leading producer of aluminum in the world is ___

Jamaica

27. Where is “Ground Zero”?

New York

28. How far does the Exclusive Economic Zone of a country extend from her coast?

320 km

29. A geostationary satellite revolves round the earth from ___

West to East

30. The Andaman group and Nicobar group of islands are separated from each other by ___

Ten Degree Channel

Know Your World - 37

1. Where is the oldest working refinery?

Texas

2. The capital of the USA is situated on the bank of the river ___

Potomac

3. In which of the following countries does Three Gorges Dam’ called world’s largest concrete structure lie?

China

4. The main reason for deforestation in Asia is ___

excessive fuel wood collection

5. Suez Canal connects ___

Mediterranean Sea and Red Sea

6. What is the International Date Line?

It is the 180° longitude

7. The countries separated by the Mac-Mahon Line are ___

China and India

8. Excluding the East European countries and Russia, the country with the largest area under forest, is ___

Brazil

9. Indian Standard Time relates to ___

82.5° E longitude

10. Which from the following is a land-locked sea?

Aral Sea

11. Nuclear energy is a mineral-based energy source. It is derived from ___

uranium, thorium, plutonium

12. Equator represents ___

imaginary line passing round the Earth midway between North & South poles

13. Which is the largest metals trading centre?

New York

14. Helgoland is an island of which of the following countries?

Germany

15. Energy that is produced commercially from coal is called ___

Thermal energy

16. The largest producer of world’s mica is ___

India

17. The Trans-Siberian Railway (8960 km) connects____ in the West to ____ in the East.

St. Petersburg Vladivostok

18. Which current is responsible for increase in the temperature of the western Europe?

North Equatorial current

19. Major fishing grounds are found in ___

Northern Hemisphere

20. In which of the following is the Great Barrier Reef located?

Coral Sea

21. Which of the following volcanoes is situated in Mexico?

Colima

22. ___ are places with powerful lights to guide and warn the ships coming from different directions in the ocean.

Light houses

23. Black Forests are found in ___

Germany

24. The largest island in the world is Greenland. It Is an Integral part of ___

Denmark

25. Which of the following regions is referred to as Garden of Eden as mentioned in the Bible?

Kutch region of South Iraq

26. What is called as the ‘Roof’ of the World?

Pamir Knot

27. Which one of the following is the greatest circle?

Arctic Circle

28. How many minutes for each degree of longitude does the local time of any place vary from the Greenwich time?

Four minutes

29. The busiest and the most important sea route of the world is ___

North Atlantic Sea Route

30. In atmosphere the lowermost layer is ___

troposphere

Know Your World - 36

1. With which crop has Green Revolution been associated?

Wheat

2. Watermelons grow best in ___

Sandy soil

3. The crop mainly grown in hills is ___

sweet potato

4. HYV refers to ___

High yielding variety

5. In a slanting hilly Indian terrain experiencing more than 200 cms of annual rainfall, which one of the following crops can be cultivated best?

Tea

6. World’s maximum newsprint comes from ___

Deciduous forest

7. Soil erosion on hill slopes can be checked by ___

Terrace cultivation

8. Which one of the following categories of workers is termed as cultivators?

Those who lease in land and cultivate

9. Which one of the following animals is called farmers friend?

Earthworm

10. Golden Revolution refers to ___

Horticulture

11. The crops grown after the summer monsoon are called ___

Rabi

12. The largest irrigation canal in India is called the ___

Indira Gandhi Canal

13. Which breed of the following buffalo breeds is found in the south western part of Gujarat?

Surti

14. BT seed is associated with ___

Cotton

15. Desertification can be checked by ___

checking over-grazing

16. Green Revolution was started in ___

1960

17. Which of the following is not a cause of low productivity in Indian agriculture?

Co-operative farming

18. In which part of India, canal irrigation system is the most common?

Uttar Pradesh

19. Which of the following types of soil is best suited for cotton cultivation?

Black

20. Which of the following methods does not help in conserving soil fertility and moisture?

Dry farming

21. Which of the following are not grown in the Kharif season?

Barley and mustard

22. Rotation of crops means ___

growing of different crops in succession to maintain soil fertility

23. The adoption of High Yielding Variety Programme in Indian Agriculture started in ___

1966

24. ‘Brown Revolution’ is ___

growth of food processing and soft drinks industries in India

25. Mechanization of Indian agriculture on a considerable scale is not possible due to ___

small holdings

26. Laterite soils are found in area where ___

temperature is high and rain fall is heavy

27. Kharif crops are sown ___

at the beginning of the Southwest monsoon

28. Where is India’s most prized tea grown?

Darjeeling

29. For the cultivation of Tobacco the soil should be rich in ___

potash

30. The part of Equatorial region which has well developed rubber plantations is ___

Malaysia

Know Your World - 35

1. Agnimitra, who is the hero of Kalidasa’s ‘Malvikagnimitram’, was a king of which of the following dynasties?

Sunga dynasty

2. Kushinara or Kushinagar, where Lord Buddha attained parinirvana was located in which among the following provinces of ancient India?

Malla

3. Sarnath, is related to which among the following events in the life of Buddha?

First Sermon

4. In which among the following metals, largest numbers of coins were issued in Gupta Era?

Gold

5. Who discovered cape route from Europe to India?

Vasco da Gama

6. When did Vasco da Gama reach India?

17th may 1498 (He reached port of Calicut via cape of good hope (Africa) on 17th may 1498, received by Hindu ruler Zamorin)

7. What were the trading stations of Portuguese?

Calicut, cochin, cannanore

8. What was the capital of Portuguese?

Cochin (1502) initial capital, then Goa

9. Who was the first governor of Portuguese who introduced “policy of blue water”?

Francisco Almeida

10. Which saint arrived India during Portuguese period?

St. Francisco Xavier (1542-45)

11. Which Portuguese governor transferred capital from cochin to Goa (1530)?

Nino da cunha

12. Which Portuguese governor introduced policy of imperialism?

Alfonso d’ Albuquerque

13. Portuguese king gave Bombay as dowry to whom?

Charles II of England in 1661

14. Where was the first factory of Portuguese established?

Calicut

15. What was the main centre of Dutch?

Pulicat , replaced by Nagapatnam in 1690

16. Outcome of battle of Bedera in 1759

British defeated Dutch

17. Who traded with Indian merchants before east India company formed?

John Mildenhall (1599)

18. Who founded British east India company?

group of merchants known as “merchant adventures” (1599)

19. Who issued farman to Captain Hawkins to make factory at Surat (1609)?

Jahangir

20. Who visited Jahangir’s court (1615) as ambassador from king James I for trading in India?

Sir Thomas roe

21. Where did British create first factory?

Surat (1608)

22. British obtained madras from raja of Chandragiri (1639) and build fortified factory called ____

Fort St George

23. Who acquired three villages Sutanuti, Kalikata, Govindapur and created Calcutta (1690)?

Job Charnock

24. Job Charnock created fortified factory at Sutanuti named ____

Fort William (1700)

25. John Surman obtained farman from Mughal emperor Farukhsiyar in 1717 which is called _____

“Magna Carta of British rule in India” as it gave large concessions to company

26. Danes arrived India in ___

1616

27. Where did Danes settle

Tranqueber (Tamil Nadu) in 1620 and Serampore (Bengal) (headquarter) in 1676

28. Who created French east India company?

Colbert (1664)

29. What was the capital of French in India?

Puducherry (founded 1673)

30. Where did French create their factory?

Chandernagar